David a



- Wllnesses: f

gD. AL- H :INS- Journal ring.

No. 235,435. Patented Dec. 14,1880.

PATENT Urraca@ DAVID HOPKINS, OF PARK RIDGE, NEW JERSEY.

-JOURNAL-BEARING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 235,435, dated December14, 1880,

Application filed May 6, 1879,

To all whom t may concernl Beit known that I,' DAVID A. HOPKINS, of"Park Ridge, inthe county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, haveinvented a new and Improved Journal-Bearing for RailWayGars, `of whichthe following` is a specification.

The object of' my invention is to prevent the undue spreading andpartial escape from its proper position of the very lsoft metalnsed as alining for journal-bearings on their journal side to provide a yieldingsurface or mold, into which the journal to which the bearing is appliedem-beds and fits itself under pressure, without preventing oressentially interfering With said embedding and self-fitting process,and to avoid the disastrous heating and cuttin g77 of journals whichfrequently follows the moderate heating of' journals having'Babbittlinedbearings and the melting out of i the Babbitt-metal lining, and as aconsequence the concentration of the'whole load upon the hard-metal flanges by which the Babbitt metal was surrounded, which present to thejournal too small an amount of bearing-surface to admit the cool runningof the journal thereon, and are yet so strong and hard that they cannotbe crushed down to permit the journal to reach and bear upon the largepart of the hardmetal bearing inclosed' by them.

To this end my said invention consists in the construction of thejournal side of journal bearin gs or shells that are to be lined orfilled With a relatively soft weak metal with Weak project-ing iiangesor ridges for confining said soft metal within desirable limits, saidanges being, as a rule, located at or nearthe outer edges of the bearingorshell, and in all cases made so weak as to be quickly crushed downting away the bearing or shell immediately adjoining said flanges, so asto leave a space or form a receptacle into which the metal of whichsaidridges are composed may be crushed or forced until the journal restsupon that part of said bearing or shell inclosed by them, said flangesbeing in-all cases made so thin and weak as not to offer effectiveresistance to the journal in embedding and fitting itself into said verysoft metal liningby pressure, as above set forth, in case of its comingin contact with them beforesaid embedding is completed.

y In the accompanyingdrawings, dto., Figure l isa bottom View ofmyimproved journal-bearing. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section ofthe same.Figs. 3 and 4 are cross-sections of' the same, taken on the planes ofthe lines c c and -k k, Fig. 1,4respeetively.

The bearing A is lined on the lower side with said soft yielding metala. Ribs or projections b project downward from the bearing at or nearthe ends of' the bearing. They should, as a rule, project so far as tonearly or quite touch the journal by the time it has fairly embeddeditself in said soft metal.

Between the ribs b b are grooves, into which saidribs can be crushed bythe load-pressure ,at the time the journal fits itself to the bearing.

d are ribs or anges which extend downward along the sides of thejournalside of the bearing. Parallel to and on the outer side of each flange dis a groove or depression (not lined) adapted to receive the metal of'said ribs d, of the harder material of which the body of the bearing isformed, if said ribs are crushed down. The anges d and their outergrooves may be continued across the ends of the bear- "ing, instead ofthe ribs or ilanges b at the ends ofthe bearing, and in many cases theflanges and their grooves at the ends of the bearings may be dispensedwith altogether, because excessive spreading and escape from its properposition of' said softmetal lining often occurs at the-sides of thebearing, but not to any considerable extent at its ends, thus making endianges not as necessary as side flanges.

Instead of providing grooves for the reception of the metal of' saidflanges, so that they may be forced down to such extent as to admit ofthe journal reaching that part of said hard metal bearing inclosed bythem, the metal outside of said flan ges may be, as a Whole, cutaway, sothat the same result would be obtained as by grooving upon the outsideof `said flanges.

A very large part of' the benefit of my invention may be realized byomitting said grooves and simply making said flanges Weak, as hereindescribed, so that in case of the journal coming in contact With thembefore IOO having properly embedded itselt in said soft l lining bypressure, such embedding will not be prevented thereby, the grooving orcutting away of the bearing to form recesses for re- 5 ceiving the metalof which said flanges is comprised being otuse only in case of themelting out of said soft-metal lining, or of the Babbitt lining, whenused.

Flanges made as above may, when desired, be located at points betweenthe anges here with shown along the sides ot' the bearing.

Heretofore bearings or shells constructed with flanges for the purposeot' retaining softlnetal or Babbitt-metal linings in place have not beengrooved out or cnt away at or near the base of the flanges, so as toprovide a space or receptacle into which the metal ot` which they werecomposed could be forced in case of their being crushed down, so as topermit the 2o journal to come in contact with and bear upon that part ofthe bearing or shell constituting the eavityfor receiving saidlining andinclosed i by said tianges, and said tianges have been l made so thickand strong as to eftectually resist and prevent heilig crushed down orbent l over to any considerable extent. even in case of said liningbeing melted out, although presenting to the journal so small an amountof bearing-surface for contact therewith as to render its cool runningafter such melting out 3o impossible.

I claiml A journal-bearin gconstructed with flanges d d nn itsjonrnalside, in combination with a sot't yielding lining, a, between theflanges, 35 said journal-bearing having a non-lined portion outside ot'said anges, all arranged so that in case ot' the journal coming incontact with the iianges during the process of its embedding andttingitselfinto said lining said 4o flanges will be readily crushed downor bent over upon the non-lined portion of the bearing to permit suchembedding to go forward.

2. A journal-boerin g constructed with series of readilyrrushed ribs orprojections b on its 45 journal side, and with intervening grooves thatare filled with a yielding lining, a, substantially ns described.

DAVID A. HOPKINS. Witnesses W. G. E. ScHULTz, F. V. BRIEsEN.

